Shibganj and Bogra Sadar upazilas on the north, Nandigram on the south, Bogra sadar on the east, Adamdighi and Dupchanchia upazilas on the west.

Kahaloo thana was established in 1928 and was turned into an upazila in 1983. The upazila consists of nine union parishads, 161 mouzas and 265 villages.

Kahaloo Upazila is located in Bogra District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Bogra are Adamdighi Upazila, Bogra Sadar Upazila, Dhunat Upazila, Dupchanchia Upazila, Gabtali Upazila, Kahaloo Upazila, Nandigram Upazila, Sariakandi Upazila, Sherpur Upazila, Shibganj Upazila, Sonatola Upazila.